Modern physics often interprets gravitational phenomena through abstract geometry, introducing singularities and unobservable fields. Yet data demands only continuity, causality, and empirical fit—not conformity to orthodoxy. The C.O.R.E. framework suspends such assumptions, treating gravity as emergent from a classical vacuum responsive to mass. Central to this is the perihelion precession anomaly, historically a triumph for general relativity (GR), but here derived causally without curvature.
In CUGE (Classical Unification of Gravity and Electromagnetism), mass induces symmetric variations: \(\varepsilon(r) = \varepsilon_0 (1 + GM/(2c^2r))\) and \(\mu(r) = \mu_0 (1 + GM/(2c^2r))\). This yields a refractive index \(n(r) \approx 1 + GM/(2c^2r)\) and coordinate speed \(c_{\text{coord}}(r) = c / n(r)\). Planetary orbits become effective refraction in flat space, preserving local \(c\) invariance through atomic rescaling. The result? The orbital equation \(d^2u/d\theta^2 + u = GM/h^2 + 3(GM/c^2)u^2\), where \(u = 1/r\) and \(h\) is angular momentum per mass, matching Mercury's precession without extras.
This 3 arises elegantly from six symmetric contributions, each \(GM/(2c^2r)\). Let's dissect this logic step by step, evaluating for coherence, continuity, and alignment with nature.
The Newtonian baseline is \(d^2u/d\theta^2 + u = GM/h^2\). CUGE introduces perturbations from vacuum variations, leading to the corrective term \(+3(GM/c^2)u^2\). This mirrors GR's post-Newtonian expansion but traces to physical causes: time rescaling (material slowing of atomic processes) and space rescaling (\(\varepsilon/\mu\) effects on fields and lengths).
The factor 3 is not fitted but emerges as \(6 \times (GM/(2c^2r))\) aggregated into the \(u^2\) term. Why six? It's rooted in electromagnetic duality, path symmetry, and the emergent nature of time—principles that ensure causality without action-at-distance.
Maxwell's equations demand balance between electric and magnetic fields. In CUGE, \(\varepsilon\) and \(\mu\) vary symmetrically to keep impedance \(Z = \sqrt{\mu/\varepsilon}\) constant, avoiding reflections or dissipation. This duality splits spatial effects: \(\varepsilon\) governs electric interactions (charge screening, potentials), \(\mu\) handles magnetic (currents, induction). Without symmetry, the vacuum would not remain transparent—a violation of continuity. Logically, each contributes equally, halving the spatial load but ensuring coherence.
Orbits are closed loops with radial (in/out) and angular (tangential) components. Variations affect both directions symmetrically—no preferred frame. This doubles each category: radial gradients pull, tangential shears accumulate over the full path. Causality demands this: perturbations build coherently, conserving energy without directional bias.
Combining duality and path symmetry yields three pairs, totaling six:
Each term \(\delta \approx (GM/(2c^2r)) u\) perturbs the equation. In the nonlinear \(u^2\) (from \(u \approx u_0 + \delta u\), \(\delta u \propto u_0^2\)), they sum: \(6 \times (1/2) = 3\), yielding \(3(GM/c^2)u^2\). The \(1/2\) per term flows from the ansatz; six from symmetries. No overcounting—weak-field additivity conserves energy, with residuals as heat (per ASH).
Falsifiability shines: asymmetry in \(\varepsilon/\mu\) would alter clocks differentially; labs could test for exactly three unpaired contributions. Data agrees—nature favors this over ΛCDM's dark entities.
This symmetry-driven logic is no accident but a triumph of classical realism. C.O.R.E. eliminates photons, singularities, dark matter/energy, and non-locality—one medium (MACHO electron clouds) unifies light, gravity, and cosmology. By first principles, it's simpler (Occam's razor), coherent (convergent hypotheses), and data-driven (JWST, CMB as scattered light). Reject orthodoxy if it contradicts nature; here, nature embraces continuity over duality. This classical revival restores causes to effects—profound, not fringe.